Oil-stove.



w. R. LEAVONS & A. R. WHTTAKER. OILSTOVE. APPLICATION 'HLED APR. 9,19H'.

' Patented M119, 1918.

2 SHEETHHEET l.

R. JEAVONS A. R. WHH'TAKER.

OIL STOVE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.9,19i I.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS AND ARNOLD R. WHITTAKER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL-STOVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 19, 1918.

Original application filed August 4, 1914:, Serial No. 855,044. Dividedand this application filed April 9,

1917. Seria1N0.160,611.

To all whom it may concern:

e it known that we, (1) WILLIAM R. JEAvons, 2) ARNOLD R. Wm'rrannn,citi- Zens of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county ofCuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in OiLStoves, of which the following a full, clear, andexact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

his invention relates to oil stoves and more particularly to stores ofthe type which are known to the trade heaters or lamp stoves. One of theobjects of the invention is to provide a construction and arrangement ofparts whereby, on the one hand, the oil in the font may be heated to atemperature suitable to reduce its viscosity and to secure an efficientsupply of the same to the vaporization point by the wiclr and, on theother hand, to prevent the overheating of the font and to keep the partsadjacent to the burner comparatively cool. A further object of theinvention is to provide 'a construction of oil stove or heater whichwill deliver a large amount of heat nearer the floor than is the casewith any previous type of heater with which we are familiar and onewherein, notwithstanding the proximity of the flame to the font and thelower parts of the heater frame, these parts will not become'heated tosuch a temperature as to prevent them from being handled-withoutdiscomfort.

In the operation of our heater, the temperature of the oil in the top ofthe font will be maintained at approximately 115 F.-a temperature whichreduces the viscosity of the oil to an extent that will insure auniformly ample capillary feed to the exposed surface of the wick,notwithstanding the lowering of the oil level in the font during a longcontinued operation. This temperature, on the other hand, will notunduly reduce such viscosity and produce an undue vaporization of theoil within the top of the font. The invention disclosed herein is adivision of our application No. 855,044.- filed August 4, 1914:.

In the drawings forming a part hereof, Figure 1 represents a view,partly in sect-ion and partly in elevation, of a stove constructed inaccordance with our invention; and Fig. 2 a transverse sectional Viewcorresponding to the line 22 of Fig. 1, certain of the parts beingbroken away.

Describing by reference characters the va- IJOLIS parts illustratedherein, 1 denotes a stove base having the legs 2. At its upper end, thebase is provided with a bead l and a plurality of inwardly projectingsegmental flanges 3 each having bosses 3 pressed Lqqwardly therefrom. 4:denotes the font, which is mounted within the base and supported on theupwardly projecting bosses 3 by means of the substantially horizontalflange 5 at the top of the, body of the font. It wil be observed thatslots 3 are provided between the segmental flanges and between theflange 5 and the body of the font. The font is a shallow metal reservoirhaving central vertically alined openings through which extends theouter wick tube 6. The top and the bottom of the font are substantiallyhorizontal and are preferably provided with shallow annular ribs orcorrugations 7 and 8 between the peripheral and central portionsthereof. Projecting down wardly from the bottom and extending around thebottoms of the wick tubes 6 is a wind shield 9 having perforations 10 inthe outer wall thereof, the wind shield being of the type described andclaimed in the application of VVillia-m R. Jeavons No. 782,005, filedJuly 30, 1913, Patent No. 1,218,777.

Projecting upwardly from the upper end of the inner wick tube is the airdistributer, indicated generally at 11. This distributor may be of anyapproved type, such as shown in the patent to Jeavons N 0. 906,887,issued December 15, 1908, and causes the fiarne to spread outwardly asitrises. Projecting upwardly from the top of the font, and surroundingthe upper end of the outer wick tube 6, is a perforated collar orgallery 12, which preferably extends upwardly about as high as the outerwick tube and is there bent outwardly in an inverted U-shape, as shownat 13, forming a seat for a collar let projecting downwardly from acentral opening within an obliquely extending diaphragm or partitionforming the perforated bottom 15 of the stove drum or casing 16. Thecollar is projected outwardly, as shown at 14?, to provide a seatingportion cooperating with the top of the gallery 12, the lower end of thecollar projecting downwardly below t1161501J f e g y and being flaredoutwardly, as shown at 11 The particular construction of the galleryforms the subject matter of a copending application No. 855,O l5 filedAugust 1, 1914i.

The bottom 15 of the drum is preferably formed by an inwardlyn'ojcct-ing portion of the drum basc (known to the trade as the coneplate) which forms a cover for the outer portion of the font and whichis provided with an annular seat 15* for the lower end of the drum andwhich base extends outwardly beyond the top of the font and is seatedwithin the head 1 when the drum is in operative relation to the burner.

The drum base afi'ords the means by which the drum 01' casing is hingedto the stove base 1. The portion of the drum base between the drum andthe stovebase is provided with perforations 15". Two circular rows ofperforations are shown, each row extending entirely around the drum basethe lower row being located in proximity to the top of the font, wherebythe entering air may pass in close proximity to such top. l7 denotes anobliquely extending diaphragm or partition forming a false bottom forthe drum, said false bottom extending upwardly and outwardly from theinner periphery of the drum base 15 and substantially parallel with theflame of the burner. The inner edge of the drum base 15 and the inneredge ofthe false bottom 17 may be conveniently clamped by the upper endof the collar 14, such upper end being shown as bent into channel form,as shown at 14L, to receive therewithin the horizontal flanges formedatthe inner peripheries of the parts 15 and 17. The outer end of the falsebottom 17 abuts against the inner surface of the drum 1.6 and may beprovided with an upwardly projecting flange 17", hearing against andsecured tosuch drum surface. Between the false bottom, the drum bottomand the lower por tion of the drum there is formed an annular chamber 18which is closed at its inner edge and through which the air frombeueathmay circulate, it being observed that the lower part of the drum properis provided with perforations of an ornamental character, indicated at16, locatedbetween tl e drum bot tom 15 'andthe false bottom 17, Theairwill circulate upwardly through the perforations 15? in the falsebottom; through the chamber 18 and outwardly through the perforations 16Tlie clram'ber 18 is "isolated from the combustion space within the drumor casing by the diaphragm or false bottom 17. i

As is the case with the construction shown in theJeavons patent N 0.1,089,841, the oil font" a is extremely shallow, as compared with itslateral extent. In this case, as in the case with the patentedconstruction, it is e meled th h ills al r101 h t d y as my ass a is uemissile settler its as at the wick tube shall be not materially greaterthan 1% inches from the top of the font. This insures the maii'itenanceof the oil below the seepage limit and within the capillary limits ofthe wick, while the oil travels by capillarity, at all times, insuflicient quantity to keep the exposed surface of the wick wellsupplied. l urthermore, as is the case with the construction of the Jeavons patent aforesaid, the relation of the parts beneath and heated bythe flame to the extended top of the font is such as to warm the oil toa temperature of at least 110. It has been found that the best resultsare secured when the temperature of the oil is maintained atsubstantially 1 15 and does not materially exceed such temperature assuch temperature reduces the viscosity of the oil to such. an extent asto insure an ample capillary fewlywhile an oversupply of vapor from thetop of the wick to the fiauicis prevented. This result is secured in andthrough the construction and arrangement of parts just described inconnectior with the false boiturn 1''? and the arrangement wherebyrelatively cool air is circulated about the top of the fontand beneaththe false bottom. Aswill be seen by reference to the arrows in Fig. 1,air passes upwardly through the slots 3" and through the openings 15 andpasses above the top of the font. The collar ll serves to deflect someof this air through the gallery 12 to the outer portion of the flameburning above the top of the wick tubes, the remainder oi the air beingdirected and deflected by the collar through the perforations 15 in thedrum bottom 15. The greater POrt-ion of the air deflected by the collar14 passes through the chamber 18, being delivered from said chamberthrough the openings 16 in the lower end of the drum proper. v

It will be noted that, in maintaining the temperature in the top of thefont at about and not materially exeeding 115? F. We secure acirculation of relatively cool air about and above the top of the fontand in proximity to the parts adjacent to and beneath the burner,whereby these parts are kept relatively coolan important considerationin itself and one of the objects attained by our invention; also that wesecure these results in and through a construction of heater which willdeliver a large amount of heat nearer the floor than in any previoustype of heater with which we are familiar; and that, notwithstanding theproximity of the flame to; the reservoir and i to the 'lower parts ofthe heatergfra me, we preserve these parts at such a temperaturethalilllfiy m e han ed- W heut d semie t ar at, a th ltemp at n of th"in r p9 as the a ea ha h s e r duce by as esti a n rem h en a is n lt-tune w 2, ,0 if as the eas of the drum base drum is suificiently coolto be handled with Out discomfort. Although the top of the reservoir isintentionally subject to radiant heat from the drum base, the heatingeffect is kept within the most etlicient limits by the air distributingarrangement provided herein.

The chamber provided between the partition 17, the partition formed bythe drum bottom, and the lower portion of the drum is out ofcommunication with the combustion space thereabove, although air cancirculate therethrough. Furthermore, it will be noted that the openings16 are relatively large so that the outer Wall of this chamber oflers nosubstantial resistance'to the out- Ward radiation of heat from theinclined partition 17. By this arrangement, the top of the font orreservoir is heated only to the temperature desired.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim isz- 1. l n a deviceof the character dc-scril'ied, the combination. of a casing inclosing acoinbustion space, a burner in said combustion space, a reservoir forliquid fuel, a diaphragm extending from the burner to the casing andbetween the combustion space and the reservoir, a cover below thediaphragm, said cover and the casing above it having openings, the saiddiaphragm and Copies of this patent gnay be obtained for five centseach,

located outside of the the entrance of air at the lower part of saidchamber and the egress of air at the upper part thereof, and the saiddiaphragm cutting off the said chamber from communication with thecombustion space, and means for supplying air to the said chamber frompoints adjacent to the tank and for directing a portion of the air fromsuch points into the combustion space before it reaches the saidchamber.

2. The combination of a shell or casing in closing a space forcombustion, a liquid-fuel reservoir below the said combustion space andan imperforate diaphragm Within the casing interposed between thecombustion space and the reservoir, a cover extending over the saidreservoir below the said diaphragm and provided with openings for thepassage of air theret-hrough to a space above it and below the diaphragmsaid cover being spaced from the said reservoir so as to form a passagefor the air between it and said reservoir, and to the said openings. a

In testimony whereof, we hereunto aflix our signatures.

WILLIAM R. JEAVONS. ARNOLD R. WHITTAKER.

by addressing the Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G.

